How to Prepare HANDOUTS

College of Education

Goa Camarines Sur

SKELETAL SYSTEM

Prepared by: KRESHA MAE F. BARDE

   BEED-2B

PARTS AND FUNCTIONS

-   When you talk about the bones that make up the skeletal system, you are simply talking about the skeleton.

“Our system is the height of absurdity, since we treat the culprit both as a child, so as to have the right to punish him, and as a n adult, in order to deny him consolation.”

-          Claude Lévi-Strauss (1908-1955)

SKELETON

        §  It is made up of many bones that are joined together to make a structure.

        §  It is like a frame that gives your body shape and support.

        §  It supports your body as you move.

SKULL/CRANIUM

     §  It is like a built-in helmet.

     §  The top of this is like one large bone but it is really made up of eight bones that have grown together.

     §  It protects the brain.

     §  It is hard and strong but it can be cracked if it receives a severe blow.

       You have about 206 bones in your body. As a baby you had more than 300 bones. As you grow older many of these bones joined together.

           BACKBONE/SPINAL COLUMN          

     §  It protects the spinal cord. 
     §  It holds your head and body straight. 
     §  It consists of 26 separate bones called vertebrae with disk
        made of cartilage. 
     §  The cartilage prevents these bones from hitting each other when
         you move. 

          VERTEBRAE

    §  It protects the spinal cord.

    §  It is separated by cartilage which prevents these bones from hitting each other when you move.

  o   There are 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 1 sacrum, and 1 coccyx vertebrae. 

    RIB CAGE
  
§  It is made up of 12 pairs of long slender bones or ribs which are 
  connected to the backbone. 
§  These bones form a cage toward the front of your body. 
§  The top ribs are attached to the breastbone or sternum.

         FLOATING RIBS

    §  The bottom two that do not reach the breastbone.

    §  The ribs protect the heart and the lungs.

            SHOULDER GIRDLE

    §  It consists of the clavicles or the collarbones and the scapula or the shoulder blades.

The skeleton of the arm is divided into:

o   Humerus or upper arm

o   Radius and ulna or lower arm

o   Carpals or wrist bones

o   Metacarpals or palm bones

o   Phalanges or finger bones

HIP BONES

o   These are two large bones attached to each side of the sacrum.

o   Together they form the pelvic girdle.

PELVIC GIRDLE

      
      o   It holds the weight of your body.

BONES ON THE LEG:

        1.      Femur/Thigh Bone

       o   The largest and the longest bone in the body.

        2.      Tibia and the Fibula

       o   Leg bone

        3.      Tarsals

       o   Ankle of the foot

        4.      Metatarsals

       o   Forefoot bones

        5.      Phalanges

       o   Toe bones

PATELLA

     o   The bone at the front of the knee joins the femur and the tibia and the fibula.

                                                                 THE JOINTS

Kinds of joints

       1.      Hinge joints

Ø  It allows movement in one direction only.

Ø  Examples of these are: knee joints and elbow joints.

       2.      Pivot joint

Ø  Joint found in your head.

       3.      Ball-and-socket joints

Ø  Let bones move in all directions.

Ø  An example of these is shoulder joints.

NONTRIVIAL FLUID

      o   The joints are lubricated by this.

      o   The movement of your bones becomes painful and difficult without this fluid.

CARTILAGE

      o   It protects the bones in the joints.

      o   It acts as a pad or a cushion.

      o   It is soft and smooth.

      o   It protects the bones from rubbing or hitting together as they move.

LIGAMENTS

      o   Bones are joints together by this.

      o   The though bands of tissue that connect bones and support an organ in place.

·         kreshamee@gmail.com

REFERENCE:

      1.      Science for Daily Use(Grade4)

      2.      http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://danceguadagno.wikispaces.com/file/view  /Skeletal_System.gif/241145923/Skeletal_System.gif&imgrefurl=http://danceguadagno.wikispaces.com/The%2BSkeletal%2BSystem&usg=__Nf8RQ9ZlxWyIKmqpVrGWuvpY5Zs=&h=796&w=711&sz=152&hl=en&start=2&sig2=LZPI_oAlxT2VhY6qZ10h6w&zoom=1&tbnid=PwY4BC1EvnKVNM:&tbnh=143&tbnw=128&ei=B3wXUaSPL4jwrQeGqICADw&itbs=1&sa=X&ved=0CCsQrQMwAQ

     3.      http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400/memitina/memitina1212/memitina121200015/16721607-human-torso-skeletal-system.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.123rf.com/photo_16721607_human-torso-skeletal-system.html&usg=__Co2EjbI2euXTUtING4J1yy-tsS0=&h=1200&w=888&sz=105&hl=en&start=21&sig2=LutckCdDx-Kb2qwS7Yb0mQ&zoom=1&tbnid=ANLdVuzPvR6NVM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=111&ei=SnwXUb79Os2Orge_nYDQDg&itbs=1&sa=X&ved=0CCkQrQMwADgU

     4.      http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Gray112.png/250px-Gray112.png&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rib_cage&h=344&w=250&sz=130&tbnid=IMLqZS0KSAauqM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=65&zoom=1&usg=__1qRZQ2gueMZ41lDSYjtz0jVHMY4=&docid=Ir5I4XAdasNxgM&hl=en&sa=X&ei=inwXUdTrOYP3rQfYtIGIDw&ved=0CEkQ9QEwAw&dur=620

     5.      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Caucasian_Human_Skull.jpg

     6. http://quotes.dictionary.com/search/skeletal+system?page=1#dTWs7tt1bo43aG8a.99

            Prepared To: 

           Dr. Myrna C. Bigueja

          Associate Professor 1